Watch you precedence -> if ($_ ne "." && lc() ne $_).

This may be your problem (if not it is more clearly written as):.

 if (($_ ne ".") && (lc() ne $_)).

or even better:.

if ($_ ne "." and lc() ne $_).

If would also move the directory check to a guard clause.. (which you are only checking for current dir and not the parent (..))

if (lc() ne $_) {
    next if m#^\.|\.\.$#;
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Update: cLive ;-) has some great advice about using modules

grep

grep> chown linux:users /world