Actually Anonymonk has a valid point as this is a buffer overflow type bug. 4294967296 is a 33 bit integer, which is of course one bit more than 32. Perhaps you should meditate on this:

print "2**32 is: ", 2**32, "\n";
print <<TEXT;
This is what we should have:
100000000000000000000000000000000 = 4294967296
011111111111111111111111111111111 = 4294967295
----------------------------------------------
000000000000000000000000000000000 = 0

But we get a buffer overflow like so, resulting in erroneous output:
TEXT

for (4294967295) {
    $a = dec2bin($_+1);
    $b = dec2bin($_);
    print "$a = ", $_ + 1, "\n",
    "$b = ", $_, "\n",
    "--------\n", 
    dec2bin(($_+1) & $_), " = ", 
    (($_+1) & $_), "\n\n";
    
}

sub dec2bin {
   return unpack("B*", pack("N",shift));
}
[download]

I have no call for it personally but Math::BigInt might be useful.

cheers

tachyon

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