Greetings keithbas,

Why exactly do you not want to use references? References are your friend. If I understand complex data structures (which maybe I don't), I'd think that any array of an array is built only by references.

Alternatively, you could push all the array data into a single, flat array. Assuming that the number of columns will never change, you could then just loop through the array...

push @currentarray, @new_data while (my @new_data = $sth->fetchrow_array);

This is really icky, IMHO, but you'd have your data in an array with no references...

-gryphon
code('Perl') || die;