Not reliably. Here's code that breaks dws' example. I've never had the need for the feature you describe, however. (I could also walk the symbol tables until I found the right CV, but that's even worse. :)

my $sub;

BEGIN
{
    $sub = sub {
        my ($called) = (caller(0))[3];
        warn "Called as <$called>\n";
    };

    *{ bar } = $sub;
}

my $b = \&bar;
$sub->();
*{ foo } = $sub;
foo();
bar();
$b->();
*{ baz } = $b;
baz();
[download]