Why do you believe treating lines as objects will help?

You have a seemingly arbitrary data translation to make. A hash would seem to solve that:

my %translator = (
    '-XYZ.CO'   => '(C)',
# etc
);
while (<IN>) {
    chomp;
    print OUT join( ' ', map {
                  $_->[0],
                  $_->[1],
                  $translator{ $_->[3] },
                  $_->[2];
              } [split ' ', $_]),
              $/;
}
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It is difficult to make a more concrete recommendation with seeing the variance in your data.

After Compline,
Zaxo