The replacements are good, but the interface is a bit murky. It returns the "fixed" list, but it also modifies the original list. For instance, the output of your snippet is the same if you simply:

fix_chars(@names);
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instead of:

my @names = fix_chars(@names);
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I would rewrite it so that it either left the original list intact, or didn't return the "fixed" list. Something like:

sub fix_chars {
  my @fixed = @_;
  for (@fixed) { 
    tr/ΑΠΙΝΣΪέΦαπινσϊύφ/ADEIOUYOadeiouyo/; 
    ...
  }
  return @fixed;
}
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-Blake