Of course, you can make the change you want. It has nothing to do with map, we are actually talking about the ?: operator.

my $rows = [
   map {
      my $row = $_;
      ($results > 0)
         ? { ODD  => [ map { {VALUE => $_} } @{$row} ] }
         : { EVEN => [ map { {VALUE => $_} } @{$row} ] }
   } @{$data}
];
[download]

Pure guess, your problem might be where you defined your $results, and how you used it. be careful about one thing,

(++$i % 2)
[download]

is not just a condition, each iteration, it also alters the value of $i. but

($results > 0)
[download]

does not modify $results, unless being modified else where inside the map {}, it stays the same for each iteration, which might not be what you want.

Show more detail, I can update this post.

Update:

Okay, I can see what you are doing. I mimic'd what you were doing, and the result from the attached code make sense to me.

Pls modify the following code I attached, and add a third section, to show me your problem with $results.

use Data::Dumper;

{
    my $data = [[0,1,2,3,4,5],
                [1,2,3,4,5,6],
                [2,3,4,5,6,7],
                [3,4,5,6,7,8],
                [4,5,6,7,8,9],
                [5,6,7,8,9,10]];
    my $i = 0;
    my $rows = [
       map {
          my $row = $_;
          (++ $i % 2)
             ? { ODD  => [ map { {VALUE => $_} } @{$row} ] }
             : { EVEN => [ map { {VALUE => $_} } @{$row} ] }
       } @{$data}
    ];
    print Dumper($rows);
}

{
    my $data = [[0,1,2,3,4,5],
                [1,2,3,4,5,-6],
                [2,3,4,5,6,7],
                [3,4,5,6,7,8],
                [4,5,6,7,8,9],
                [5,6,7,8,9,10]];
    my $rows = [
       map {
          my $row = $_;
          (@{$row}[5]>= 0)
             ? { ODD  => [ map { {VALUE => $_} } @{$row} ] }
             : { EVEN => [ map { {VALUE => $_} } @{$row} ] }
       } @{$data}
    ];
    print Dumper($rows);
}
[download]

The result is:

$VAR1 = [
          {
            'ODD' => [
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 0
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 1
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 2
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 3
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 4
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 5
                       }
                     ]
          },
          {
            'EVEN' => [
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 1
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 2
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 3
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 4
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 5
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 6
                        }
                      ]
          },
          {
            'ODD' => [
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 2
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 3
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 4
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 5
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 6
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 7
                       }
                     ]
          },
          {
            'EVEN' => [
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 3
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 4
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 5
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 6
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 7
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 8
                        }
                      ]
          },
          {
            'ODD' => [
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 4
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 5
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 6
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 7
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 8
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 9
                       }
                     ]
          },
          {
            'EVEN' => [
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 5
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 6
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 7
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 8
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 9
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 10
                        }
                      ]
          }
        ];
$VAR1 = [
          {
            'ODD' => [
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 0
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 1
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 2
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 3
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 4
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 5
                       }
                     ]
          },
          {
            'EVEN' => [
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 1
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 2
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 3
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 4
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => 5
                        },
                        {
                          'VALUE' => -6
                        }
                      ]
          },
          {
            'ODD' => [
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 2
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 3
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 4
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 5
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 6
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 7
                       }
                     ]
          },
          {
            'ODD' => [
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 3
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 4
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 5
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 6
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 7
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 8
                       }
                     ]
          },
          {
            'ODD' => [
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 4
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 5
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 6
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 7
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 8
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 9
                       }
                     ]
          },
          {
            'ODD' => [
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 5
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 6
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 7
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 8
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 9
                       },
                       {
                         'VALUE' => 10
                       }
                     ]
          }
        ];
[download]