INSTALL

SAVE COPIES OF YOUR OUTGOING MAIL! Like any other piece of software (a
+nd
information generally), the qmail system comes with NO WARRANTY. It's
much more secure and reliable than sendmail, but that's not saying muc
+h.


Things you have to decide before starting:

* The qmail home directory, normally /var/qmail. To change this
directory, edit conf-qmail now.

* The names of the qmail users and the qmail groups. To change these
names, edit conf-users and conf-groups now.


To create /var/qmail and configure qmail (won't interfere with sendmai
+l):

 1. Create the qmail home directory:
       # mkdir /var/qmail

 2. Read INSTALL.ids. You must set up the qmail group and the qmail
    users before compiling the programs.

 3. Compile the programs and create the qmail directory tree:
       # make setup check

 4. Read INSTALL.ctl and FAQ. Minimal survival command:
       # ./config

 5. Read INSTALL.alias. Minimal survival command:
       # (cd ~alias; touch .qmail-postmaster .qmail-mailer-daemon .qma
+il-root)
       # chmod 644 ~alias/.qmail*

 6. Read INSTALL.mbox and INSTALL.vsm.

 7. Read INSTALL.maildir.

 8. Copy /var/qmail/boot/home (or proc) to /var/qmail/rc.


To test qmail deliveries (won't interfere with sendmail):

 9. Enable deliveries of messages injected into qmail:
       # csh -cf '/var/qmail/rc &'

10. Read TEST.deliver.


To upgrade from sendmail to qmail:

11. Read SENDMAIL. This is what your users will want to know about the
    switch from sendmail to qmail.

12. Read REMOVE.sendmail. You must remove sendmail before installing
    qmail.

13. Read REMOVE.binmail.

14. Add
            csh -cf '/var/qmail/rc &'
    to your boot scripts, so that the qmail daemons are restarted
    whenever your system reboots. Make sure you include the &.

15. Make qmail's ``sendmail'' wrapper available to MUAs:
       # ln -s /var/qmail/bin/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail
       # ln -s /var/qmail/bin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail
    /usr/sbin might not exist on your system.

16. Set up qmail-smtpd in /etc/inetd.conf (all on one line):
            smtp stream tcp nowait qmaild /var/qmail/bin/tcp-env
            tcp-env /var/qmail/bin/qmail-smtpd

17. Reboot. (Or kill -HUP your inetd and make sure the qmail daemons
    are running.)

18. Read TEST.receive.



That's it! To report success:
       % ( echo 'First M. Last'; cat `cat SYSDEPS` ) | mail djb-qst@cr
+.yp.to
Replace First M. Last with your name.

If you have questions about qmail, join the qmail mailing list; see
http://pobox.com/~djb/qmail.html.




SENDMAIL

This document explains what you, as a user, will notice when the syste
+m
switches from sendmail to qmail.

This is a global document, part of the qmail package, not reflecting t
+he
decisions made by your system administrator. For details on

   * which local delivery agent qmail is configured to use,
   * whether qmail is configured to use dot-forward,
   * whether ezmlm is installed,
   * whether fastforward is installed, and
   * all other local configuration features,

see your local sendmail-qmail upgrade announcement (which your system
administrator may have placed into /var/qmail/doc/ANNOUNCE).


--- Mailbox location

If your system administrator has configured qmail to use binmail for
local deliveries, your mailbox will be in /var/spool/mail/you, just as
it was under sendmail.

If your system administrator has configured qmail to use qmail-local f
+or
local deliveries, your mailbox will be moved to ~you/Mailbox. There is
+ a
symbolic link from /var/spool/mail/you to ~you/Mailbox, so your mail
reader will find the mailbox at its new location.


--- Loop control

qmail-local automatically adds a Delivered-To field at the top of ever
+y
delivered message. It uses Delivered-To to prevent mail forwarding
loops, including cross-host mailing-list loops.


--- Outgoing messages

qmail lets you use environment variables to control the appearance of
your outgoing mail, supplementing the features offered by your MUA. Fo
+r
example, qmail-inject will set up Mail-Followup-To for you automatical
+ly
if you tell it which mailing lists you are subscribed to. See
qmail-inject(8) for a complete list of features.

If you're at (say) sun.ee.movie.edu, qmail lets you type joe@mac for
joe@mac.ee.movie.edu, and joe@mac+ for joe@mac.movie.edu without the e
+e.
sendmail has a different interpretation of hostnames without dots.


--- Forwarding and mailing lists

qmail gives you the power to set up your own mailing lists without
pestering your system administrator.

Under qmail, you are in charge of all addresses of the form
you-anything. The delivery of you-anything is controlled by
~you/.qmail-anything, a file in your home directory.

For example, if you want to set up a bug-of-the-month-club mailing lis
+t,
you can put a list of addresses into ~you/.qmail-botmc. Any mail to
you-botmc will be forwarded to all of those addresses. Mail directly t
+o
you is controlled by ~you/.qmail. You can even set up a catch-all,
~you/.qmail-default, to handle unknown you- addresses.

See dot-qmail(5) for the complete story. Beware that the syntax of
.qmail is different from the syntax of sendmail's .forward file.

If your system administrator has configured qmail to use the dot-forwa
+rd
compatibility tool, you can put forwarding addresses (and programs) in
+to
.forward the same way you did with sendmail.

If your system administrator has installed ezmlm, you can use ezmlm-ma
+ke
to instantly set up a professional-quality mailing list, handling
subscriptions and archives automatically.

If your system administrator has installed fastforward, you can easily
manage a large database of forwarding addresses.




REMOVE.sendmail

Here's how to remove sendmail from your system.

1. Find sendmail in your boot scripts. It's usually in either /etc/rc 
+or
   /etc/init.d/sendmail. It looks like
           sendmail -bd -q15m
   -q15m means that it should run the queue every 15 minutes; you may
   see a different number. Comment out this line.

2. Kill the sendmail daemon. You should first kill -STOP the daemon; i
+f
   any children are running, you should kill -CONT, wait, kill -STOP
   again, and repeat ad nauseam. If there aren't any children, kill
   -TERM and then kill -CONT.

3. Check whether you have any messages in the sendmail queue,
   /var/spool/mqueue. If you do, you will have to try flushing them wi
+th
   sendmail.bak -q. If necessary, wait a while and run sendmail.bak -q
   again. Repeat until the queue is empty. This may take several days.

4. Remove the setuid bit on the sendmail binary, to prevent local user
+s
   from gaining extra privileges through sendmail's security holes. Th
+e
   binary may be at several different locations:
      # chmod 0 /usr/lib/sendmail
      # chmod 0 /usr/sbin/sendmail
      # chmod 0 /usr/lib/sendmail.mx

5. Move the sendmail binary out of the way:
      # mv /usr/lib/sendmail /usr/lib/sendmail.bak
      # mv /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/sbin/sendmail.bak
[download]

cheers

tachyon

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