here ya go: a recursive routine that returns a hash ref. where the values associated with each key are arrays (actually, references to arrays)

use strict;
use Data::Dumper;

sub Recurse
{
    my $n = shift || 0;

    if ($n <= 0)
    {
        return {};
    }
    else
    {
        my $val = [ map { $n ** $_ } (1 .. 5) ];
        
        return { $n => $val, %{Recurse(--$n)} };
    }
}

my $powers = Recurse(5);

print Dumper($powers);
[download]

outputs:

$VAR1 = {
          '1' => [
                   '1',
                   '1',
                   '1',
                   '1',
                   '1'
                 ],
          '2' => [
                   '2',
                   '4',
                   '8',
                   '16',
                   '32'
                 ],
          '3' => [
                   '3',
                   '9',
                   '27',
                   '81',
                   '243'
                 ],
          '4' => [
                   '4',
                   '16',
                   '64',
                   '256',
                   '1024'
                 ],
          '5' => [
                   '5',
                   '25',
                   '125',
                   '625',
                   '3125'
                 ]
        };
[download]