$i++ while $output[$i] = [ $sql->fetchrow_array ];
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That loop never terminates. A reference is *always* true, even a reference to an empty array. However, you could write something like (I don't have DBI on the machine I'm currently working on, so this is untested):

my $output =   $sql -> fetchall_arrayref;   # Or
my @output = @{$sql -> fetchall_arrayref};
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If you are going to collect all results in a big array, let the DBI do the work for you.

Abigail