in reply to subset extraction from master file

So your desired threshold of someone doing your thinking/experimenting/debugging has not yet been crossed to your satisfaction?
mentioned in response to the remark of "previous suggestions didn't work"

Just tossing some pseudo code out there:

use strict ;
use warnings ;

my(%h, %h2, $f, $master, $newmaster, %db) ;
while( <$f> ) {
   @h{@KEYS} = split ;
   $db{$h{KEYFIELD} = { %h } ;

}

while( <$master> ) {
   @h2{@KEYS} = split ;
   @h2{@OTHERKEYS} = @$db{$h2{KEYFIELD}}{@OTHERKEYS} if exists $db{$h2
+{KEYFIELD}} ;
   print $newmaster join ":", @h2{@ALLKEYS} ;
}
# move new master ontop of oldmaster

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