This requires a nested loop: 

use strict;
use warnings;

my %reglist = ( 
        qr/food?/      => sub { print "\t1\n" }, 
        qr/b[a4]rd?/   => sub { print "\t2\n" }, 
        qr/baz(o+ka)?/ => sub { print "\t3\n" } );

foreach (qw(foobarbaz football barcode none bazoooooka)) {
        print "$_\n";
        for my $regex (keys %reglist) {
                $reglist{$regex}() if /$regex/;
        }
}

[download]

UPDATE: If you are happy NOT to use captures in your regexes, you can just see which one has matched from the position in the matches. Due to this restriction I have changed your third regex to non-capturing parantheses. 

use warnings;

my @reglist = ( qr/food?/, qr/b[a4]rd?/, qr/baz(?:o+ka)?/ );
my $giant = join( ")|(", @reglist );

foreach (qw(foobarbaz football barcode none bazoooooka)) {
  my @hits = /($giant)/;
  my @which = map { defined $hits[$_] ? $_ : "" } 0..@hits-1;
  print "$_: @which\n";
}

[download]

In reply to Re: Find out which subpattern matched in regex by hdb
in thread Find out which subpattern matched in regex by Dallaylaen

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