You're asking for a frequency distribution. Statistics::Descriptive makes very quick work of this (and much more):
use Statistics::Descriptive;
my @ranges = (19, 29, 39); # 1..19, 20..29, 30..39
my $stat = Statistics::Descriptive::Full->new;
$stat->add_data( 12, 14, 15, 20, 21 );
my %dist = $stat->frequency_distribution(\@ranges);
printf " %5d: %4d\n", $_, $dist{$_} for @ranges;
Output:
19: 3
29: 2
39: 0
use strict; use warnings; omitted for brevity.
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