thats correct the windows machine is running an ssh server, I had setup a widows test environment and ran your code on the linux end of this setup - and no issuesrunning your code on linux shows no issues. made some minor changes and to your code (listed below), and placed a copy of the file, that caused the issue initially, on the windows host to demonstrate the failure. 
## scp.pl ##
use strict;
use warnings;

use Net::SSH2;

die "Usage: perl scp.pl host username password"
  unless @ARGV == 3;

my $host = $ARGV[0];
my $user = $ARGV[1];
my $password = $ARGV[2];

my $ssh2 = Net::SSH2->new();

$ssh2->debug(1);

print "\nconnecting to $host...\n";
$ssh2->connect($host) or die $ssh2->error;

print "\nauth to $host...\n";
$ssh2->auth_password($user,$password) or die $ssh2->error;

printf "Auth OK: %s\n", $ssh2->auth_ok;


print "scp put\n";
my $ret = $ssh2->scp_put("rub'bish.txt", "rub'bish.txt");
print "ret: $ret\n";

$ssh2->disconnect();


###

   print("...\n\n");
   $ssh2=undef;

   $ssh2=Net::SSH2->new();
   $ssh2->debug(1);
   $ssh2->connect($host) or die $ssh2->error;
   $ssh2->auth_password($user,$password) or die $ssh2->error;

   $ssh2->scp_get("rub'bish.txt", "more-rub'bish.txt");
   printf("SSH Error (%s): '%s' - '%s'\n",$ssh2->error);
   $ssh2->disconnect();


   print("...\n\n");
   $ssh2=undef;
   $ssh2=Net::SSH2->new();
   $ssh2->debug(1);
   $ssh2->connect($host) or die $ssh2->error;
   $ssh2->auth_password($user,$password) or die $ssh2->error;

   $ret=$ssh2->scp_get("06 School's Out.mp3", "06 School's Out.mp3");
   printf("SSH Error (%s): '%s' - '%s'\n",$ssh2->error);

   $ssh2->disconnect();

[download]
and the terminal out is 
wet@slack-one:~$ echo '3 blind mice, girls in a tub' > "rub'bish.txt"
wet@slack-one:~$ perl scp-t.pl snoopy wet wetwipe

connecting to snoopy...

auth to snoopy...
Auth OK: 1
scp put
libssh2_scp_send_ex(ss->session, path, mode, size, mtime, atime) -> 0x
+87123a0
Net::SSH2::Channel::read(size = 1, ext = 0)
- read 1 bytes
- read 1 total
Net::SSH2::Channel::DESTROY
ret: 1
...

Net::SSH2::DESTROY object 0x870a3e8
Net::SSH2: created new object 0x870a3e8
libssh2_scp_recv(ss->session, path, &st) -> 0x87123a0
Net::SSH2::Channel::read(size = 29, ext = 0)
- read 29 bytes
- read 29 total
Net::SSH2::Channel::read(size = 1, ext = 0)
- read 1 bytes
- read 1 total
Net::SSH2::Channel::DESTROY
SSH Error (0): '' - ''
...

Net::SSH2::DESTROY object 0x870a3e8
Net::SSH2: created new object 0x870a3e8
libssh2_scp_recv(ss->session, path, &st) -> 0x0
SSH Error (-28): 'LIBSSH2_ERROR_SCP_PROTOCOL' - 'Failed to recv file'
Net::SSH2::DESTROY object 0x870a3e8
wet@slack-one:~$
wet@slack-one:~$ ls -la
total 24
drwx--x--x 2 wet  users 4096 Aug 12 14:38 ./
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root  4096 Aug 12 13:46 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 wet  users 3729 Jul 18  2011 .screenrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 wet  users   29 Aug 12 14:37 more-rub'bish.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 wet  users   29 Aug 12 14:37 rub'bish.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 wet  users 1260 Aug 12 14:37 scp-t.pl
wet@slack-one:~$

[download]
then checking out the windows directory listing, shock-horror-wtf, brings to light the obvious, there is some extra quoting going on somewhere. The original windows machine in question is a hub of sorts serving a number of clients (windows) who dont have this issue. 
C:\netupfiles\home\wet>dir
 Volume in drive C is Polly
 Volume Serial Number is D00B-FC85

 Directory of C:\netupfiles\home\wet

2013/08/12  04:36 PM    <DIR>          .
2013/08/12  04:36 PM    <DIR>          ..
2013/08/12  04:10 PM                29 'rub'''bish.txt'
2006/12/20  12:46 AM         8 427 472 06 School's Out.mp3
               2 File(s)      8 427 501 bytes
               2 Dir(s)  160 523 104 256 bytes free

C:\netupfiles\home\wet>

[download]
thank you to syph... your response prompted me to some usefull action, making the problem a little clearer...

In reply to Re^2: >Windows filename troubles with Net::SSH2 by wet
in thread >Windows filename troubles with Net::SSH2 by wet

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