This appears to work correctly:
my @ranges = [ 0 ];
while ( <INTERVAL> ) {
my ( undef, $start, $end ) = split;
push @{ $ranges[ -1 ] }, $start - 1;
push @ranges, [ $end ];
}
push @{ $ranges[ -1 ] }, length $mask;
for my $range ( @ranges ) {
my ( $start, $end ) = @$range;
next if $start == $end;
substr( $mask, $start, $end - $start ) =~ tr//N/c;
}
print "$mask\n";
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