Also remember that
m// behaves differently depending on context, flags, whether
() groups are present...
In particular, when $str =~ m//g is used in scalar context (as in your posted examples), it requests match position pos($str) to be remembered; further m//g continue from there. (But assigning to $str will forget the pos!)
# m// in list context, no g flag
if (my @match = $str =~ m/(pattern1)(pattern2)/i) {
$str = function($match[0]);
$var1 = function($match[1]);
}
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