The approachs shown in the OP and in the solutions of davido here and myself here treat the ranges given in the data as exclusive of the terminating offset. E.g., in the range  'junk 23 59' the final  '0' in the 60-character string  '100010111010100101011010000101011010111011110101001010101010' (i.e., the character at offset 59) is not counted. Is this correct? Put another way, in the range  'junk 5 5' is there one character or zero, one  '0' or none (assuming the same  $cgs string)? If the range is inclusive, the fix is very simple.

In reply to Re: Summing Variables in foreach loop by AnomalousMonk
in thread Summing Variables in foreach loop by ccelt09

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