If you are dealing with lotsa data, the so-called Guttman-Rosler Transform (GRT, the second technique below; see A Fresh Look at Efficient Perl Sorting, which discusses both ST and GRT techniques) may be faster:

c:\@Work\Perl>perl -wMstrict -le
"use Test::More 'no_plan';
 use Test::NoWarnings;
 ;;
 VECTOR:
 for my $ar_vector (
   [ [ qw(fanfare apparate panacea parmesan albatross albacore false v
+ermeil candelabra beans) ],
     [ qw(apparate fanfare panacea albatross albacore false parmesan c
+andelabra beans vermeil) ],
     ],
   ) {
   my ($ar_unsorted, $ar_expected) = @$ar_vector;
   my @unsorted = @$ar_unsorted;
   note qq{input: @$ar_unsorted};
   ;;
   my @sorted =
     map  $_->[0],
     sort { $a->[1] cmp $b->[1] }
     map  [ $_, join '', m{ [aeiou]+ }xmsg ],
     @unsorted
     ;
   is_deeply \@sorted, $ar_expected, qq{ST:  @sorted};
   ;;
   @sorted =
     map  { (split m{ \x00 }xms)[1] }
     sort
     map  join(qq{\x00}, join('', m{ [aeiou]+ }xmsg), $_),
     @unsorted
     ;
   is_deeply \@sorted, $ar_expected, qq{GRT: @sorted};
   ;;
   is_deeply \@unsorted, $ar_unsorted, qq{input data unchanged};
   }
"
# input: fanfare apparate panacea parmesan albatross albacore false ve
+rmeil candelabra beans
ok 1 - ST:  apparate fanfare panacea albatross albacore false parmesan
+ candelabra beans vermeil
ok 2 - GRT: apparate fanfare panacea albatross albacore false parmesan
+ candelabra beans vermeil
ok 3 - input data unchanged
ok 4 - no warnings
1..4
[download]

Update: The
    map  join(qq{\x00}, join('', m{ [aeiou]+ }xmsg), $_),
expression in the GRT sort above is rather messy. A neater (tested) version is
    map  join('', m{ [aeiou]+ }xmsg, qq{\x00}, $_),

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