As an historical aside, note that using the result of evaluating the expression  (scalar @ra) - 1 is not quite the same as using an index of -1 or $#array if you have set the array base $[ (which defaults to 0) to be 1 — but don't do that! See $[ in Deprecated and removed variables in perlvar. Assignment to $[ was first deprecated in Perl version 5.12 and has been increasingly constrained in subsequent versions. 

c:\@Work\Perl\monks>perl -wMstrict -le
"$[ = 1;
 ;;
 my @ra = qw(zero one two three);
 ;;
 print scalar @ra;
 print 0 + @ra;
 print $ra[ (scalar @ra) - 1 ];
 print $ra[         @ra  - 1 ];
 print $ra[         @ra      ];
 print $ra[  -1  ];
 print $ra[ $#ra ];
"
Use of assignment to $[ is deprecated at -e line 1.
4
4
two
two
three
three
three

[download]
In all cases (and regardless of the array base — but again, don't futz with that):

Give a man a fish:  <%-{-{-{-<

In reply to Re: What array negative number counting means by AnomalousMonk
in thread What array negative number counting means by Anonymous Monk

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