> What is the lvalues here?

($x, $y, $z) are after the first assignment ready for the second one.

Lvalue means left value of assignment (the recipient)

See also perlglossary

• lvalue

  Term used by language lawyers for a storage location you can assign a new value to, such as a variable or an element of an array. The “l” is short for “left”, as in the left side of an assignment, a typical place for lvalues. An lvaluable function or expression is one to which a value may be assigned, as in pos($x) = 10 .

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