I got a bit disappointed seeing that you put Unix shell script in the same league as Windows BAT

Agreed. (Sorry about that, chief :). I hope I can ease your disappointment by singling out Windows BAT as the worst programming language I've ever used. Perhaps only INTERCAL (and its infamous COME FROM statement) can compete with it. Thinking a bit more, Cobol and PHP are also right up there among languages I really hated in the bad old days.

But seriously, isn't profit (and cost-effectiveness) the only factor governing a free-market company? A choice of programming language based purely on style will kill that company off.

How commercial companies decide which programming language/s to use is something of a dark art. See also:

• My opinion on this from ten years ago
• a stackexchange question on this topic
• Why Create Coding Standards and Perform Code Reviews? (notes that successful software development is a long term activity and, if you plan to be successful, you must therefore plan for your code base to be maintained by a succession of many different programmers over a period of many years; not planning for that is planning to fail).

In its early years, even a company as big as Google permitted just three languages for serious development work, namely C++, Java and Python. I remember an interview with Guido (can't find it now) where he was asked how come Google came to use Python in the first place and he said he didn't know! (and he was a Google employee at the time!).

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