Another alternative without %n. See sprintf.

Win8 Strawberry 5.8.9.5 (32)  Thu 06/09/2022  1:14:50
C:\@Work\Perl\monks
>perl

use strict;
use warnings;

my $str = 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog';
printf "\$str len %d \n", length $str;

print "         1         2         3         4         5         6  \
+n"
    . "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901 \
+n";

for my $max_width (reverse 56 .. 61) {
    print "\$max_width == $max_width ------------------------------  \
+n";
    for my $date (
        '79.30 2022/1/8', '394571.00 22/10/81', '123456.78 12345/123/1
+234',
        ) {
        my $width = $max_width - length($date) - 2;
        printf "%s  %*.*s| \n", $date, -$width, $width, $str;
        }
    }

^Z
$str len 43
         1         2         3         4         5         6
1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901
$max_width == 61 ------------------------------
79.30 2022/1/8  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog  |
394571.00 22/10/81  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy d|
123456.78 12345/123/1234  The quick brown fox jumps over the |
$max_width == 60 ------------------------------
79.30 2022/1/8  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog |
394571.00 22/10/81  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy |
123456.78 12345/123/1234  The quick brown fox jumps over the|
$max_width == 59 ------------------------------
79.30 2022/1/8  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog|
394571.00 22/10/81  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy|
123456.78 12345/123/1234  The quick brown fox jumps over th|
$max_width == 58 ------------------------------
79.30 2022/1/8  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy do|
394571.00 22/10/81  The quick brown fox jumps over the laz|
123456.78 12345/123/1234  The quick brown fox jumps over t|
$max_width == 57 ------------------------------
79.30 2022/1/8  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy d|
394571.00 22/10/81  The quick brown fox jumps over the la|
123456.78 12345/123/1234  The quick brown fox jumps over |
$max_width == 56 ------------------------------
79.30 2022/1/8  The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy |
394571.00 22/10/81  The quick brown fox jumps over the l|
123456.78 12345/123/1234  The quick brown fox jumps over|
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