For placeholders, here's my take.
   1. Efficiency? I doubt that you'd ever spot a difference

You may not spot a difference with a single query if processing time is less than a millisecond but when repeated, you do notice.

On one local postgres server (version 15 beta 1), when I compare queries with placeholder versus hard-coded, the placeholder variant is consistently 2 to 3 times faster. (I think the main reason must be that the PREPARE needs only to run once.)

In reply to Re^8: Best practices for closing database connections? by erix
in thread Best practices for closing database connections? by Polyglot

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