Two possible techniques come to mind

• if you use the /$re/g modifier in scalar context it will continue where the last pos stopped. Like this you can collect all digits in a while loop. You might need \G to anchor the matches.
• embedding (?{CODE}) constructs right after a temporary match can be used to collect those matches in an array without a surrounding loop.

I'm mobile now and can only provie code examples by the night. (But others will be faster )

For details see perlretut and other linked docs

Edit

https://perldoc.perl.org/perlretut#Global-matching

https://perldoc.perl.org/perlretut#A-bit-of-magic:-executing-Perl-code-in-a-regular-expression

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