Without UTF8-Flag it's a octet-stream and all string commands will treat every single byte (for backward compatibility) as (some) ASCII character
Nitpick: Single bytes also work in the 128-255 range, so it is rather ISO-8859-1 than ASCII. For example, an (ä) encoded as chr 0xE4 matches qr/\w/, according to its unicode property.

In reply to Re^6: Seeking Perl docs about how UTF8 flag propagates by haj
in thread Seeking Perl docs about how UTF8 flag propagates by raygun

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