Firstly, note that this is not limited to hash values.
You'll get the same thing if you simply do
$foo = 'a string'; and then test
$foo == 0, etc.
The
== operator compares both sides in
numeric context.
For your first test, the string
'a string' evaluates to 0 in numeric context and therefore the numeric equivalence holds. (Note that the empty string
"", assigned in a later test, also evaluates to 0 in numeric context.)
With the examples you've provided, you'll get the results you're after by simply replacing
== with
eq throughout, as that will instead compare both sides as strings (ie in
string context).
Cheers,
Rob
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