The following does what you want without recursion:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
use constant MIN => 0;
use constant MAX => 40000;
my($low, $high, $mid) = (MIN, MAX);
print "Think of a number between $low and $high\n";
while(1) {
$mid = int(($low + $high) / 2);
last if $low >= $high;
print "How about $mid? Is it (l)ow, (h)igh or (c)orrect? : ";
my $answer = lc(substr <STDIN>, 0, 1);
$answer eq 'c' ? last :
$answer eq 'l' ? $low = $mid + 1 :
$answer eq 'h' ? $high = $mid - 1 :
print "bad input\n";
}
print "The number you are thinking of is $mid!\n";
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