This is a CSV file. In each row there are fields separated with comma. So here is the idea.

The algorithm

The process should go like this:

    1.Read in the file line by line.
    2.For each line, extract the 1rd and 5th column and check whatever you want and print. 

Update:

use strict;
use warnings;

my $file = 'csv_file.csv';
open(my $fh, '<', $file) or die "Can't read file '$file' [$!]\n";

while (my $line = <$fh>) {

    chomp $line;
    my @fields = split(/,/, $line);

     if ($fields[0] eq 'C')
     {
        $fields[0] = 'CONDENSED';
     }
     elsif ($fields[0] eq 'F'){
        $fields[0]='FINAL'
     }
     if ($fields[4] eq '0H')
     {
        $fields[4] = '0HIO'
     }
     elsif ($fields[4] eq '0R')
     {
        $fields[4] = 'OREGON'
     }
   print join(',',@fields);
   print "\n"
}
[download]

Sorry delayed to update the code with module Text::CSV,

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

use Text::CSV;
my $csv = Text::CSV->new({ sep_char => ',' });

my $file = $ARGV[0] or die "Need to get CSV file on the command line\n
+";

open(my $data, '<', $file) or die "Could not open '$file' $!\n";

while (my $line = <$data>) {
        chomp $line;

        if ($csv->parse($line)) {

                my @fields = $csv->fields();

                if ($fields[0] eq 'C')
                {
                        $fields[0] = 'CONDENSED';
                }
                elsif ($fields[0] eq 'F'){
                        $fields[0]='FINAL'
                }
                if ($fields[4] eq '0H')
                {
                        $fields[4] = '0HIO'
                }
                elsif ($fields[4] eq '0R')
                {
                        $fields[4] = 'OREGON'
                }
                print join(',',@fields);
                print "\n"
        }
        else {
                warn "Line could not be parsed: $line\n";
        }
}
[download]

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