The reason you only have 1 pair in the hash, instead of 4 pairs, is that you keep initializing the hash inside the while loop:
%animals_hash = (
$animal => $sums,
);
Change that to:
$animals_hash{$animal} = $sums;
Here is a complete working example:
use warnings;
use strict;
my %animals_hash;
while (my $line = <DATA>) {
chomp $line;
my ( $sums, $animal ) = split /\s+/, $line;
$animals_hash{$animal} = $sums;
}
use Data::Dumper;
$Data::Dumper::Sortkeys=1;
print Dumper(\%animals_hash);
__DATA__
455 DOG
1074 BIRD
605 CAT
850 FISH
Outputs:
$VAR1 = {
'BIRD' => '1074',
'CAT' => '605',
'DOG' => '455',
'FISH' => '850'
};
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