Your data is not ASCII.
From the documentation for cat on my system:
-v Non-ASCII characters (with the high bit set) are printed as `M-'
(for meta) followed by the character for the low 7 bits.
Edit: That's all, really. The below advice may not be needed as your only symptom seems to be that cat -v on your system doesn't display the characters correctly, as documented.
You should decode the data, or try adding at the top of the script:
binmode STDIN, ':utf8';
See Encode, as well as perlunitut and perluniintro.
update: added links to docs
The way forward always starts with a minimal test.
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