This assumes that the input filename contains at least one dot. The number will precede the last dot in the input:
#! perl -sw
use strict;
my $file = $ARGV[0];
my( $prefix, $suffix ) = ( $file =~ m[^(.+)\.([^.]+)] );
open I, '<', $file or die $!;
my @outs;
open $outs[ $_ ], '>', "$prefix.${_}.$suffix" or die $! for 1 .. 4;
my $out = 0;
while( <I> ) {
print { $outs[ $out+1 ] } $_;
if( /^5/ ) {
++$out;
$out %= 4;
}
}
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