G'day novice2015,

TMTOWTDI: 

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;

while (my $init_line = <DATA>) {
    my $neg_class_line = $init_line;
    my $neg_assert_line = $init_line;

    $neg_class_line  =~ s/,([^,]*)$/$1/;
    $neg_assert_line =~ s/,(?!.*,)//;

    print 'Initial line:       ', $init_line;
    print 'Negated class:      ', $neg_class_line;
    print 'Negative assertion: ', $neg_assert_line;
    print '-' x 40, "\n";
}

__DATA__
21112,/vol/voly,blx
21113,/vol/eng,blz
21114,/vol/eng,file

[download]

Output:

Initial line:       21112,/vol/voly,blx
Negated class:      21112,/vol/volyblx
Negative assertion: 21112,/vol/volyblx
----------------------------------------
Initial line:       21113,/vol/eng,blz
Negated class:      21113,/vol/engblz
Negative assertion: 21113,/vol/engblz
----------------------------------------
Initial line:       21114,/vol/eng,file
Negated class:      21114,/vol/engfile
Negative assertion: 21114,/vol/engfile
----------------------------------------

[download]

See perlre for a description of these, and other, methods.

Use Benchmark to find the most efficient method (if that's important to you).

And finally, a quick, friendly note on being specific. In one place you say "last comma" and in another you say "second comma": in the current (or future) data, these may not be the same. My two examples operate on the last comma (or change nothing if no commas are present). Adding these additional DATA lines: 

W,X,Y,Z
W,X,YZ
W,XYZ
WXYZ

[download]

I get this additional output: 

Initial line:       W,X,Y,Z
Negated class:      W,X,YZ
Negative assertion: W,X,YZ
----------------------------------------
Initial line:       W,X,YZ
Negated class:      W,XYZ
Negative assertion: W,XYZ
----------------------------------------
Initial line:       W,XYZ
Negated class:      WXYZ
Negative assertion: WXYZ
----------------------------------------
Initial line:       WXYZ
Negated class:      WXYZ
Negative assertion: WXYZ
----------------------------------------

[download]

— Ken

In reply to Re^3: sed command in perl by kcott
in thread sed command in perl by novice2015

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