Code comes first:

use Data::Dumper;
use strict;
no warnings;
no autovivification;

my $return_from_sub = '{X}{Y}' ; # a result return from some sub
my $to_process = '$x->' . $return_from_sub; # my local def

my $x = {
    Y => {
        Z => 10,
    }
};

# after some regex work on the $to_process
my $lastPart = 'Y' ; # the last part from $to_process
my $base = '$x->{X}' ; # before the $lastPart
my $lastPartIs = "HASH" ; 
my $newData = [qw/a b c/];

my $ref = eval $base || eval "$base = {}"; # whatever it is, just make
+ it referencable if not defined. 
 
if ( $lastPartIs eq "HASH" ) {
    $ref->{"$lastPart"} = $newData; # Remark 1
}
elsif ( $lastPartIs eq "ARRAY" ) {
    $ref->["$lastPart"] = $newData; # Remark 1
}
print Dumper $x;
[download]

Above code demonstrated some sort what I want (but not entirely correct), however I have to make it one level up from the last "part".

I know that I cannot directly get that reference via eval. like :

$ref = eval '$base$return_from_sub';
$ref = [/whatever/];
[download]

This just make $ref pointed to something else so this won't work. But I wonder is there any trick can do something like :

$ref = eval '\$refString';
deference( $ref ) = $whatever ;# [] {} ""
[download]

Provided that, I don't know what will be returned from the sub, and I don't know what's gonna be stored. both (return_from_sub and to write) can be array ref, hash ref, code ref, whatever ref or simple scalar.

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