Slightly recoded (omitting the hash ref) and with a dirty trick (copying the hash) it seems to work:

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dump;

my %happy_camper = (
    Rambler => 'The Yellow Rose of Texas',
    Wagon =>
      'There may be flies on them there guys but there are no flies on
+ us',
    Caskit => 'The Rain in Spain goes mainly down the drain',
    Skate  => 'The Quick Brown Fox Jumped Over The Lazy Dogs Back',
    Lemon  => 'Love the smell of napalm in the morning'
);

my $newkeys = 'KEYME000';
my %copy    = %happy_camper;

foreach ( 1 .. 900000 ) {
    while ( my ( $k, $v ) = each %copy ) {
        if ( int( rand 300000 ) == 1 ) {
            $happy_camper{ ++$newkeys } = 'Shame on you!';
        }
    }
}

dd \%happy_camper;

__END__

karls-mac-mini:~ karl$ ./strange.pl 
{
  Caskit   => "The Rain in Spain goes mainly down the drain",
  KEYME001 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME002 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME003 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME004 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME005 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME006 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME007 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME008 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME009 => "Shame on you!",
  KEYME010 => "Shame on you!",
  Lemon    => "Love the smell of napalm in the morning",
  Rambler  => "The Yellow Rose of Texas",
  Skate    => "The Quick Brown Fox Jumped Over The Lazy Dogs Back",
  Wagon    => "There may be flies on them there guys but there are no 
+flies on us",
}
[download]

Regards, Karl

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