You got good answer, yet.
I would just add the possibility to take yet optimized code from CPAN: Math::Prime::Util (or Math::Prime::Util::GMP directly for big numbers.. but see also..)
From examples:
# Project Euler, problem 3 (Largest prime factor)
use Math::Prime::Util qw/factor/;
use bigint; # Only necessary for 32-bit machines.
say 0+(factor(600851475143))[-1]
PS wow it returns in no time!:
perl -Mbigint -E "use Math::Prime::Util::GMP qw(factor); say 0+(factor
+(600851475143600851475143600851475143))[
-1]"
999999000001
# ~1 second to get the largest factor of:
# 60085147514360085147514360085147514300851475143008514751430085147514
+30085147514300851475143
834789126661809633627036527926883609177018602883402075695455196267
L*
There are no rules, there are no thumbs..
Reinvent the wheel, then learn The Wheel; may be one day you reinvent one of THE WHEELS.
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