leoberbert:

You can certainly do it with a regex or string substitution. But if you're going to be maintaining this and/or plan to work with more XML data, you'll really want to just learn how to work with XML. I've lately been playing with XML::Twig and find it pretty reasonable, though I still have much to learn.

So I went ahead and converted your question to an XML::Twig answer, though I had adjusted your problem a little: Specifically, I'm assuming you'll be wanting to add any number of new books to your catalog at a time. So for the input files, I used:

new_items.xml 
<newitems>
    <book id="bk101">
       <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
       <title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
       <genre>Computer</genre>
       <price>44.95</price>
       <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
       <description>An in-depth look at creating applications
          with XML.</description>
  </book>
</newitems>

[download]
current_catalog.xml 
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
   <book id="bk112">
      <author>Galos, Mike</author>
      <title>Visual Studio 7: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
      <genre>Computer</genre>
      <price>49.95</price>
      <publish_date>2001-04-16</publish_date>
      <description>Microsoft Visual Studio 7 is explored in depth,
      looking at how Visual Basic, Visual C++, C#, and ASP+ are
      integrated into a comprehensive development
      environment.</description>
   </book>
</catalog>

[download]

And the program I whipped up to merge the new items into your catalog:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use XML::Twig;

my $xmlParser = XML::Twig->new();

# Fetch the new books to add to the catalog
my $new_items = fetch_xml('new_items.xml');
my @add;
for my $book ($new_items->root->children('book')) {
    push @add, $book->copy();
}
print scalar(@add), " new books to add to the catalog!\n";

# Add the books to the catalog
my $cur_catalog = fetch_xml('current_catalog.xml');
for my $book (@add) {
    # Each book will be added after the last book in the catalog
    $book->paste(last_child => $cur_catalog->root);
}

# Now dump our current catalog
$cur_catalog->flush( \*STDERR, pretty_print=>'indented' );

sub fetch_xml {
    my $fname = shift;
    my $txt = do {
        open my $FH, '<', $fname or die "$fname: $!";
        local $/;
        <$FH>;
    };
    $xmlParser->parse($txt);
    return $xmlParser;
}

[download]

Which (when run on my machine) gives:

$ perl ex_XML_merge_twig.pl
1 new books to add to the catalog!
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
  <book id="bk112">
    <author>Galos, Mike</author>
    <title>Visual Studio 7: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
    <genre>Computer</genre>
    <price>49.95</price>
    <publish_date>2001-04-16</publish_date>
    <description>Microsoft Visual Studio 7 is explored in depth,
      looking at how Visual Basic, Visual C++, C#, and ASP+ are
      integrated into a comprehensive development
      environment.</description>
  </book>
  <book id="bk101">
    <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
    <title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
    <genre>Computer</genre>
    <price>44.95</price>
    <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
    <description>An in-depth look at creating applications
          with XML.</description>
  </book>
</catalog>

[download]

I originally tried to have two XML documents open and copy/paste items from one into the other, but my XML::Twig-fu isn't adequate. So I opted to build an array of books copied out of the first one, then paste the copies into the new document. I'll have to bone up a bit more on XML::Twig to see how to process multiple documents at once. But this should hopefully get you off to a good start in XML whacking after you tire of the "fun" of regexes and string manipulation.

...roboticus

When your only tool is a hammer, all problems look like your thumb.

In reply to Re: inserting a tag before a string by roboticus
in thread inserting a tag before a string by leoberbert

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