This answer caters for usernames and passwords too:

/^(\w+):\/\/(?:([^:@\/]*)(?::([^@\/]+)|)\@|)((?:[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.|[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9\-]*[a-zA-Z0-9]\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z0-9]+|[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9\-]*[a-zA-Z0-9]))(?::(\d{1,5})|)(.*)/o

e.g.

#!perl


use strict;
use warnings;

for my $uri( qw(https://www.example.de
                http://www.example.de
                https://example.de
                http://example.de
                www.example.de
                example.de:123
                http://www.example.de:445/can?this=happen&too=1#lalala
                http://www.example.de/can?this=happen&too=1#foo
                http://www.example.de:445
                wss://stream.binance.com:9443/stream?streams=xrpbtc@kl
+ine_1m/ethbtc@kline_1m/btcusdt@kline_1m
                http://a:b@example.com:890/path/wah@t/foo.js?foo=bar&b
+ingobang=&king=kong@kong.com#foobar/bing/bo@ng?bang"
                ftp://username@hostname/
                ftp://username:password@hostname/
               )
           ) {
   print "in  ($uri):\n";

  my @parts=($uri=~/^(\w+):\/\/         # scheme (ftp http wss etc)
                     (?:([^:@\/]*)      # optional username
                     (?::([^@\/]+)|)    # optional password 
                        \@|)            # username and password are op
+tional
                     (                  # group all the bits of the UR
+L and its dots
                     (?:[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.|[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9\-]*[a-zA-
+Z0-9]\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z0-9]+|[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9\-]*[a-zA-Z0-9])
                     )
                     (?::(\d{1,5})|)    # optional port
                        (.*)/xo);       # path and query parms come la
+st

  for(my $i=0;$i<=$#parts;$i++) { print "  $i: $parts[$i]\n" if($parts
+[$i]); }

}
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