Some programming languages optomize tail-recursion down
to a loop (to prevent the procedure call/stack overhead).
So at least I would say that tail-recursion is a looping
construct (or at least very close to one). Also
some languages (ML, Prolog) have no
standard looping constructs (while, for, etc..) so
all looping in those languages is implemented with
recursion. So in at least those languages recursion
is a looping construct.
The call is harder to make in Perl, since I don't believe
it optomizes tail-recursion down to a loop, and it does
have normal looping operators. There are cases
where recursion is clearly not a looping construct,
but I must say that in
some instances recursion clearly is a looping construct.
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