Does Java considering more things as object than Perl? No, this question is even irrelevant to any language, whether a thing is an object is really a design consideration, oppose to a language specific issue. From a more broader view, any thing that is an object in the real world, can be extracted as an object in your virtual world, the computer world. Again, this is 100% a design choice, nothing to do with language.
Whether filtering is an object in Perl? Have said point one, this question should really been divided into two questions: 1) Whether there is the concept of "filtering" in the real world? yes, and a lot of them for different purposes. You may want to filtering an incoming TCP stream, and only grab those packets you wanted; You want to filtering an image and only grab a particular part you wanted; You may want to filtering all CPAN modules, and only grab those under Win32::GUI, this goes on and on. Generally speaking, in real world "filtering" means to generate a sub set of a whole. 2) Do we have "filtering" modules in Perl? Well, as I said depends on what you want to filter, and how you want to filter them, CPAN is always there.
Conceptually XML can be understood as a way to persist your computer object, or on the other hand, a way to describe your real world object. It is alright to use XML format store your object. Again, this is not related to language choice, Perl, Java, or whatever.
The difference between Java OO and Perl OO is not at the conceptual level, but rather at implementation level. I agree that Java has a more mature implementation of OO, but there is nothing stop you from do what you want in Perl, especially this "filtering" thing.