I am lost. I thought anonymous hashes and hash references were the same thing. But, maybe this is a similar misconception to equating arrays and lists? In other words: 
%hash = ( 1 => 2 );
$x = { x => 'y' }
$z = \%hash;

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$x is a reference to an anonymous hash. $z is a reference to a hash.

Can we parallel this with lists/arrays in some way? How can we do the following?

  1. Reference to anonymous list
  2. Reference to array
  3. Reference to list

In reply to anonymous hash versus hash reference and their parallels in arrays by princepawn

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