Note that the answer to this question depends on your calendar. The standard Unix cal program assumes that the calendar switched from the Julian to the Gregorian in 1752. (Hence leading to an odd-looking September. BTW the man page I have does not mention the fact that the date chosen is English-centric. The bored and curious may want to see the actual statute or general background on the change.) Prior to that the century and four century correction terms did not apply.

Incidentally the solar year is currently 365d 5h 48m 46.069s which is not fully accounted for by the Gregorian Calendar so there is talk of some day adding another correction term. This is unlikely to be an issue in the lifetimes of anyone reading this though. :-)

In reply to RE (tilly) 1: Answer: Leap Year by tilly
in thread How do I determine if a given year is a leap year? by Adam

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