I'm sure one of the other monks can make this into a one-liner, but let me propose a simple program:
while (<>) {
   if (/^(\w{188})(\d{8})(\w{16})/) {
     next if $2 eq "00000000";
     print "${1}20020101$3\n";
   }
}

[download]
Call it as script original.txt >new.txt

In reply to Re: search and replace on a line by line basis by matija
in thread search and replace on a line by line basis by Anonymous Monk

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