The following may be what you want. Note the @captures = map... line in particular.

use warnings;
use strict;
use Data::Dump::Streamer;

my %patterns = (
    pattern1 => {
        'regex'     => qr'^/section/([\d]{1,8})/?$',
        'function'  => 'do__section',
        'id_fields' => ['section_id']
    },
    pattern2 => {
        'regex'     => qr'^/para/([\d]{1,8})/?$',
        'function'  => 'do__para',
        'id_fields' => ['para_id']
    }
);

my @lines = ('/section/123', '/para/256');

for my $line (@lines) {
  for my $key (keys %patterns) {
    next if $line !~ /$patterns{$key}->{regex}/;

    my @captures = map {substr $line, $-[$_], $+[$_] - $-[$_] + 1} 1..
+$#-;
    my %args;

    @args{@{$patterns{$key}->{'id_fields'}}} = @captures;
    print "Dump for $key:\n";
    Dump (\%args);
  }
}
[download]

Prints:

Dump for pattern1:
$HASH1 = { section_id => 123 };
Dump for pattern2:
$HASH1 = { para_id => 256 };
[download]