Not sure what your database is as you did not tell us, but it it does allow stored procedures then the most efficient way is to create a stored procedure containing a structure of IFs and a separate SELECT for each combination. That way the server can prepare and store execution plans for each of the cases. You of course do not have to write all those selects by hand, you can generate them

IF (@Name is NULL)
 IF (@Address is NULL)
  IF (@Email is NULL)
   SELECT ...
     FROM TheTable
  ELSE
   SELECT ...
     FROM TheTable
    WHERE Email like @Email + '%'
 ELSE
  ...
[download]

If the SELECTs are more complex or involve complex views then you can save the database server a lot of work regenerating the execution plan.

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