Hey monks! I grovel in the gravel and genuinely genuflect gratefulness.

I'm using XML::Twig (3.30) and want to replace all entities in the data with ascii equivalents, i.e. — with --.

I tried using a _default_ root handler like this: 

my $t = XML::Twig->new(
    twig_roots => {'nitf/body/body.head/hedline/hl1' => \&fix_hl1,
                   'nitf/body/body.head/hedline/hl2' => \&fix_hl2,
                    _default_ => \&fixup,
                  },
        twig_print_outside_roots => 1,
        keep_encoding => 1,
);

[download]
And the subroutine fixup looks like this: 
sub fixup {
    my ($tree, $elem) = @_;

    my $tag = $elem->tag;
    plog("in fixup:  tag = $tag");

    if ($fixup_tag{$tag}) {
        my $t = $elem->text;
        conv_chars(\$t);
        $elem->set_text($t);
    }

    $elem->print;
}

[download]
The fixup_tag hash has p, byttl, person, hl1, etc., otherwise I was changing higher level tags, like nitf and that removed all the internal tags (not a good thing).

Question: is there some way to apply a filter to just the data and leave the tagging and attributes alone.

I have a feeling that a good answer to the above will obviate what comes next:

Problem: after running this, the output is invalid. The input document has <nitf><head><title></title> followed by a bunch of <meta> tags. The output has (after the DOCTYPE) a <title></title>, the <meta> tags, then the <head>, with <title> and <meta> duplicated, then comes a copy of the whole mess, this time inside the <nitf></nitf> tags!

Obviously, I'm doing something wrong.

Anybody have an idea of what it is?

In reply to XML::Twig question and problem by BenHopkins

Title:
Use:  <p> text here (a paragraph) </p>
and:  <code> code here </code>
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