The main reason Java string concatenation is slow is that java strings are immutable. That is, every concatenation operation will create a new string and copy the text of the two input strings.
Perl's strings aren't immutable so if you do:
$some_long_string .= $some_shorter_string;
Only the contents of $some_shorter_string needs to be copied.
String file handles have all kinds of overhead and they're more a convenience - I'm surprised the non-oo version is that quick. Object oriented calls are slow in perl anyway relative to function calls.
The join version is pretty slow though. I wouldn't have expected that.
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