Along with the AI and Prolog route, you may also want to look at Data Mining and Data Extraction techniques.
I see that there are some Perl modules on CPAN but do not know if any will fit you requirements.

Update Another thought would be some sort of NLP templating system similar to those used in automatic summerization systems

In reply to Re^3: Extracting structured data from unstructured text - just how difficult would this be? by Gavin
in thread Extracting structured data from unstructured text - just how difficult would this be? by clinton

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