Even though there are some other shorter versions, I have to show you my version here, cause I spend a few sleeping-hours on it ;^)
I use a package for the Color and Position stuff.

#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w

use strict;
my $round = 0;
my $colors;
my @colors;
my @result=();
$"="\n";

my $mm = MM->new();

while ($round < 10) {
  my $result;
  while (length $colors != 4){
    print "Your 4 colors : ";
    $colors = <STDIN>;
    chomp $colors;
  }
  @colors = split //, $colors;

  $result = $mm->check_allright(@colors);

  push @result, "$colors --> $result";
  if ($result =~ /4:0/){
    print "Yeah, you got it after $round rounds!\n CONGRATULATIONS\n";
    exit;
  }
print "@result\n";
$colors='';
$round++;
}

package MM;

sub new {
  my $self = {};
  my $class = shift;
  bless $self, $class;
  my @numbers_to_colors = qw{y b g r k w};
  for my $i (0..3){
    $self->{ORIGINAL}->{$i}=$numbers_to_colors[int rand(6)]
  }
  return $self;
}

sub check_allright {
  my $self = shift;
  $self->{guess}->{0} = shift;
  $self->{guess}->{1} = shift;
  $self->{guess}->{2} = shift;
  $self->{guess}->{3} = shift;
  my $count;

  $self->{COLOR_GUESS}=();
  $self->{COLOR_ORIGINAL}=();

  for my $i (0..3){
    if ($self->{guess}->{$i} eq $self->{ORIGINAL}->{$i}) {
      $count++ ;
    } else {
      $self->{COLOR_GUESS}->{$self->{guess}->{$i}}++;
      $self->{COLOR_ORIGINAL}->{$self->{ORIGINAL}->{$i}}++;
    }
  }
  $count ||= 0;
  my $color= $self->check_color();
  return "$count:$color";
}


sub check_color {
        my $self = shift;
        my $count;

  map { $count += $self->{COLOR_GUESS}->{$_} < $self->{COLOR_ORIGINAL}
+->{$_} ? $self->{COLOR_GUESS}->{$_} : $self->{COLOR_ORIGINAL}->{$_} i
+f exists $self->{COLOR_GUESS}->{$_}} keys %{$self->{COLOR_ORIGINAL}};

  return $count || 0;

}

1;
[download]

And the good thing: It works *g*.

-----------------------------------
--the good, the bad and the physi--
-----------------------------------
[download]

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