If I were to guess as to what's happening, when cygwin tries to execute /cygdrive/c/test_error/test.pl, it notices the shebang line (#!/cygdrive/c/Perl/bin/perl.exe) and executes the following instead: 
/cygdrive/c/Perl/bin/perl.exe /cygdrive/c/test_error/test.pl

[download]

Cygwin has no problem problem understanding /cygdrive/c/Perl/bin/perl.exe, but ActivePerl is not a cygwin application, so it can't open /cygdrive/c/test_error/test.pl.

The simplest solution would be to use your cygwin build of Perl when launching scripts from a cygwin application (like bash).

In reply to Re^3: Running Perl with Cygwin by ikegami
in thread Running Perl with Cygwin by cocl04

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