To be precise: No, Linux does not use MIME types.
Linux is "just" an operating system kernel. The userland tools around it do not use the MIME types, either. The Free Desktop Project uses MIME types, so desktop environments like Gnome and KDE that use that standard can use the shared MIME database. But as I already said, not every desktop environment uses that standard or the database.
Oh, and there is no information in /usr/share/mime about which application is able to open a resource (file) with any given MIME type. Just look at /usr/share/mime/text/html.xml. If /usr/share/mime was the right place to look at, I should be able to find the name of my prefered browser in that file. But there is no application listed at all, and that is not the purpose of this database.
Alexander
--
Today I will gladly share my knowledge and experience, for there are no sweeter words than "I told you so". ;-)
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